Internet - kontrola prerušena u karakter liberalnosti i demokratičnosti
Proces digitalizacije devedestih tekao je munjevitom brzinom i najavio je značajne promene na medijskom nebu, u smislu redefinisanja, integracije i uticaja na produkciju i distribuciju muziĉke, filmske, televizijske i radijske industrije, koje su, kako smo ranije naveli, veliki globalni medijski sistemi. Takozvana digitalna revolucija i pojava interneta doveli su do novog medijskog okruţenja okarakterisanog kao informacioni autoput, superbrza traka za protok informacija ili globalna informativna infrastruktura. U takvom okruženju pojedincu je preko personalnog raĉunara omogućen globalni pristup svim vrstama podataka i omogućena je trenutna komunikacija sa svim rezidentima Mekluanovog globalnog sela. Jedan od vodećih ljudi onlajn industrije i predsednik kompanije Majkrosoft, Bil Gejts, komentarisao je: „Naša industrija promeniće način poslovanja, učenja i zabave mnogo više nego što ljudi izvan naše industrije očekuju.“ S obzirom na to da smo još uvek na početku digitalne revolucije i snalaženja u novom digitalnom globalnom medijskom okruženje, sasvim je opravdano razmišljati o efektima koje to okruženje donosi. Možemo posmatrati pojavu interneta kao mogućnost demokratizacije i liberalizacije globalnog medijskog sistema ili jednostavno kao novo šahovsko polje na kojem će postojeći medijski moguli samo možda malo drugaĉije da rasporede svoje figure.
Nikolas Negropont smatra da će internet dezintegrisati monolitne medijske imperije u pojedinačne kućne radinosti. Drugim rečima, internet bi mogao da bude medijsko okruženje oslobođeno interesnih filtera, političkih i ekonomskih, karakterističnih za tradicionalne medijske sisteme. Autori knjige: „Globalni mediji“, Herman i Mekčesni, smatraju da internet neće biti pretnja tržišnoj moći postojećih medijskih giganta, nego da će te imperije da inkorporišu internet u svoje poslovanje. Ipak, ne bi trebalo zanemariti mišljenja Bila Gejtsa i predsedavajućeg Federalne komisije za komunikacije SAD-a, Rida Hanta, kada govore o novom globalnom medijskom nebu kao sistemu sa novim igraĉima, novim mogućnostima, znaĉajnim tehnološkim otkrićima i znaĉajnom nestabilnošću.
Internet se kao globalna kompjuterska mreža razvijao šezdesetih godina dvadesetog veka pod okriljem američkog Ministarstva odbrane. Svrha mu je bila da povezuje kompjutere koji koriste isti protokol. Nedugo nakon toga, internet je počeo da dobija komercijalan karakter time što je postao uobičajen na ameriĉkim kampusima i tako formirao prve sajberspejs kulture i društva. Ipak, istraživanje sredinom devedesetih, pokazalo je da se dve trećine odraslih Amrikanaca protivi reklamiranju na internetu. Internetskom bumu prvenstveno je doprinela uspostava WWW – a ili World Wide Web – a, odnosno, ogromne raskrsnice na informacionom autoputu, koja ukršta šoping – centre, info – izdavače i gigantske depoe elektronskih podataka.Takav establišment je zajedno sa programima za pretraživanje, koji su omogućili jednostavnije korišćenje interneta, doprineo porastu broja internet korisnika, pa samim time i porastu mogućnosti za oglašivače. Sledeći faktor koji je doprineo internetskom bumu jeste povlačenje kapitala američke vlade iz održavanja i razvoja interneta, čime je izazvana potreba za potpunom komercijalizacijom, (liberalizacijom) interneta zbog njegovog formalnog opstanka. Tada nastaje „internet društvo“ sastavljeno od kompjuterskih naučnika, koji su ubrzo potpisali protokole i standarde za upotrebu kompjutera za sve one koji žele da se uključe na mrežu. Godine 1996. usvojen je Zakon o telekomunikacijama koji je usmerio politiku interneta u pravcu efikasnijeg izlaska na tržište i uspostavio uslove za razvoj sajberspejsa koji će omogućiti stvaranje većeg profita.
Internet koriste novinari, naučni radnici, menadţeri, bankari i ostali iz struktura koje formiraju javno mnjenje. Prema tome, internet postaje prava globalna informativna infrastruktura i tržište kojim bi svakako valjalo upravljati ili biti njegov aktivni učesnik. Da bi se to postiglo prvenstveno su potrebne tehničke mogućnosti u vidu optičkih kablova kao infrastrukturalnog rešenja i operativni softveri koji bi upotpunili plan o kreaciji široke interaktivne mreže. Činjenica da svako ko ima modem može da postane globalni pamfletista, i da može besplatno da pristupi mnoštvu veb sajtova, čini internet tržištem kojim bi svakako valjalo dominirati. Nikolas Negropont je govorio o tome da kada zabavni sadržaj pređe na internet, planeta će postati jedinstvena medijska mašina.
Prema svemu sudeći, internetom će dominirati onaj ko pobedi u borbi za kontrolom proizvodnje i distribucije sadrţaja zabavnog karaktera u domaćinstva, na jednom frontu, a na drugom frontu, pobednik u borbi za internet pretraživaĉe, koji se koriste za pregled i objavu materijala na World Wide Web-u. Za primat nad tim tržišnim frontovima bore se Majkrosoft, Orakl, Netskejp i dr. Trebalo bi napomenuti da će pobednik na tržištu imati moć uspostavljanja standarda korišćenja, što praktično garantuje potpunu dominaciju sajberspejsom.
Postoji još jedan front koji omogućava dominaciju nad internetom, a to je kontrola nad pristupom. Telekomunikacione kompanije su vrlo brzo uvidele da upravo one mogu da se ukljuĉe u trku za kontrolom interneta, tako što one prve utiču na to kome će i na koji način obezbediti određeni kvalitet pristupa internetu. Još jedan razlog za ulazak telekomunikacionih kompanija na internet tržište jeste razvoj onlajn telefonije, kao alternative tradicionalnom telefonskom servisu. Mogućnost za dominaciju nad tržištem interneta uočile su i medijske kuće, koje pomoću svojih kablovskih, digitalnih ili satelitskih distributivnih mreža mogu da opsluže svoje korisnike i internetom.
commercio
originali
If one of many prisoners has a falling out with the others, they are out of the car. In prison slang, the expression automobile refers to a small band of prisoners who stick together, typically for defense, companionship, operating medication, or being profitable. In addition to publicly available information, CARFAX has collected info from many unbiased reliable sources.
In British English, automotive was once part of the name of some special sorts of railway carriage. For example, a carriage might be called a eating automobile, a restaurant automobile, or a sleeping car. These terms are not used formally, but people nonetheless use them in conversation.
Thanks to engineering strides, automobiles have never been extra durable and maintenance-free, and used automobiles, which have turn out to be more popular than ever, are not any less a value. Most policies exclude common maintenance such as fluid top-offs and oil adjustments, but a rising variety of manufacturers have separate free-maintenance provisions.
With over 500 titles to choose from, we offer hours of car entertainment. Evo-F three - Evo-F three is the third installment of this excellent stunt driving collection. Jump into a range of gorgeous 3D automobiles including Jaguar and Aston Martin.
The sport Need For Extreme 2 presents a wide ranging number of arcade races. You drive a racing automobile and your task is to finish first. The game Need For Extreme presents a panoramic variety of arcade races. Find the perfect automotive for lease for your highway trip today! Don't overlook to check the evaluations, if the car was clean and the rental location offered a fantastic service at choose up and when returning the car, too!
Don’t let your factory installed audio system get in the best way of your perfect drive. Experience our redesigned TS-A audio system with out sacrificing your pockets. Our new 5-channel amplifier has all the traits for car house owners with limited actual property whereas craving for large sound. Designed for today’s music and expertise lovers, our new line of DVD receivers supply a wide range of leisure and connectivity options for the drive. Upgrade your experience with the last word car stereos, amps, speakers, subwoofers and GPS.
Yes, you must be an insured driver to be able to drive a rental automotive. If you don’t have private insurance coverage, think about checking your credit card – it could supply a rental automobile policy when you use it to pay for the rental. After an accident the common time for restore is two weeks. We have the automobile you have to hold your life shifting. Moreover, we might recommend you walk into the nearest dealership to take the check drive of the automobile.
The new Skoda Octavia looks all set to emulate the success and popularity of its predecessor. You could examine all these cars according to their variants too.
Cash, prepaid cards, and present cards are by no means accepted for reservations. Many instances renting a automobile at the airport can be costlier. Consider looking for vehicles in nearby areas for big financial savings.
Don’t simply take heed to your music; hear extra with Pioneer. Marine Your love for sound doesn't have to stay on dry land. Amplify your boating adventure and expertise the sound high quality you've got come to take pleasure in from Pioneer. Amazon Alexa Pioneer brings you access to Alexa on suitable fashions. Just ask Alexa to play your favourite music, examine the climate, add gadgets to your buying listing, plus rather more.
to me I personally counsel you to keep away from diesel automobiles in todays time . So you possibly can go for honda amaze petrol if you would like a sedan and ford figo petrol if you want a hatch.i personally recomend you ford figo because it is more fun to drive automotive .
Instead of racing round at ridiculous speeds, gamers should try to successfully drive a taxi and park it to select up passengers. The retro pixelated graphics are enjoyable, and the taxi driving gameplay will keep you entertained for hours on this free online parking sport. Pucks.io - What might be extra enjoyable than driving a car?
Business Rentals Our custom-made rental packages are designed particularly to satisfy your organization's wants, saving you money and time. Start your purchase from house while still experiencing the friendly, personalised service you expect.
Check and examine some other costs associated with the rental automotive, similar to charges for younger or senior drivers, or charges for together with extra drivers. Q. Which automotive should I purchase under eight lakh with good built high quality, good common and safety? You have many choices under 8lakh but if you want good constructed high quality then neglect about MARUTI vehicles.And you want good common to the forget about HYUNDAI petrol automobiles too. So you left with I20 diesel, Honda amaze (petrol and diesel),Ford figo .So acc.
You can click on the following link to see the small print of the nearest dealership and selecting your city accordingly - Car Showrooms. As you'll be able to see there may be an amazing vary of driving video games on your enjoyment. Cars video games supply unrivalled motion, adrenaline, and excitement.
On the skin, somebody’s automotive is more commonly referred to as a gang or crew. A group of convicts who're on good phrases with one another are considered being in the car together. Being within the car also can discuss with being in on a car‘s specific operation.
Off-airport rental firms may also offer shuttle service from the terminal to your rental location. Compare lots of low-cost rental automobile charges to get the most effective price. Compact automobiles offer great gasoline mileage and the convenience of driving and parking in excessive visitors areas.
For instance, the arrival of automobile-carrying ships is erratic and troublesome to foretell. The proper side is obscured by the matrix, which is reinforced by a cloth resembling automobile physique filler. The introduction of catalytic converters has lowered the toxicity of automotive exhausts. One factor behind this alteration has been a dramatic enhance in automotive ownership. Motoring and automobile upkeep was one other interest enjoyed by twelve haemophiliacs and a few mentioned fishing, bowls and golf.
The chart consisted of five stimuli repeated eight occasions, which were line drawings of a tree, a chair, a bird, a pear, and a automotive. These examples are from the Cambridge English Corpus and from sources on the web. Any opinions within the examples do not symbolize the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. In this report, though, we don't seem to attribute a selected means of referring to the relevant automotive with that automobile. There were no extra stops, and the car was returned to its starting-level as speedily as possible.
It might not wow you in any explicit department but is still an all-rounder that deserves your consideration should you're buying in the government sedan area. Skoda Octavia is just obtainable in India with its RS245, which most powerful automotive at its price vary. It has good looks, space, consolation, features and has great build quality.
We offer you distinctive vehicle historical past that will help you make better buy decisions. Don't overlook to gas up your automobile on the gasoline station. - A enjoyable, free-to-play game that's a blast to play. You can now read the full unabridged problem of CAR magazine in your smartphone, in addition to your tablet every month. Just search for CAR magazine app on the Apple Newsstandor your system's appstore.
And, when you’re prepared, we’ll deliver your automobile the place out there. Tiago has greatest construct quality but poor after sales experience. In case you're looking for an hatchback AMT then you could like to think about Celerio(its greatest only for city day by day utilization and not steady however very price effective). Subwoofers Pioneer's subwoofers pair powerful performance and modern design, making them the perfect choice for audio and automotive fans alike. Z+D Series Pioneer is enthusiastic about music and enthusiastic about sound, this passion is exhibited in every product we create.
People and vehicles milled about us, whereas posters, caravans, tents, and stalls had been crammed in all over the place. It is commonly believed that to become economically profitable is to have dealings with cars.
"Every day at Enterprise Rent-A-Car is completely different. We care about what our customers assume and the way they feel." Our minivans supply area and versatility for any occasion. Luxury automobiles can embody upgraded facilities like leather-based seats, environment friendly efficiency and plenty of room for passengers and baggage. Get ideas on places to go and issues to see on your next trip within the comfort and comfort of a rental car. Find a program close to you and join on the Enterprise CarShare web site.
We skidded on the ice and crashed into another automobile. Eight youngsters had been crammed into the back of the car.
DisclaimerAll content on this web site, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes solely. A truck can also be a big motorcar used for transporting goods by highway. In American English, automobiles like these are normally called boxcars. The man left his seat by the window and crossed the carriage to where I was sitting.
How about driving a automobile on an oversized ice hockey pitch while making an attempt to manage a big puck? This game combines driving along with ice hockey. The result is a quick-paced and fun multiplayer automobile game with distinctive gameplay.
60+ years, 1000's of vehicles, lots of of tests—we have done the give you the results you want. Modify your automotive with lots of customization options. - A mechanic with plenty of improve choices in your cars.
Q. What cars are there against civic to check earlier than buying? Honda Civic has good looks, construct high quality, a comfortable ride and thrilling dealing with too. It makes a strong case not just for itself but for premium sedans generally. It competes against the likes of the Skoda Octavia and the Hyundai Elantra. So finally, the Elantra continues to be a fantastic mix of options, consolation and performance.
Vehicles must be in excellent situation and have low miles and put on to be certified, which is why off-lease automobiles feed many CPO packages. Initial warranties are restricted by the miles and age of a automotive, so if the automobile has higher miles, authentic warranties could now not apply. Also notice that warranties do not at all times transfer to subsequent consumers. Check the automobile producer’s specs for guarantee limits. Check out the completely different video games offered at CrazyGames and check your car driving abilities right now!
Typically, the widowers who had a relationship were underneath the age of 75, had been automotive drivers and loved good or excellent health. Used-Car-Buyer's Checklist As a possible used-automotive purchaser, there's so much to contemplate earlier than handing over your hard-earned cash. We've created this step-by-step checklist to assist get you on your method to shopping for a used car that most closely fits your life. Useful used-automotive recommendation from Cars.com consultants that will help you store sensible.
Electric automobiles are provided by Tata, MG Motor and Hyundai in India. The greatest mileage automobiles in India are Volvo XC90(forty two Kmpl), BMW 7 Series(39.53 Kmpl), Bajaj Qute (RE60)(35 Kmpl) and Toyota Prius(26.27 Kmpl). The best low budget automobiles are Maruti Alto at Rs. 2.ninety four Lakh, Renault KWID at Rs. 2.94 Lakh and Maruti S-Presso at Rs. three.7 Lakh. Configure a Pioneer audio sound system that fits your car. Just plug in your car information beneath and the Pioneer FitGuide will show you an inventory of automotive audio products that ought to suit your specific automobile.
Or, click on a automobile to see if a dealer provides them. We perceive that some automotive purchases simply can't wait, so we're here that can assist you find a great deal as safely as possible. Set a value drop alert and get an e mail when the base rate is low. Prepay on your automobile as an alternative of paying at pickup to lock in cheaper charges and get the most financial savings. Before booking, take a look at the following solutions to questions generally requested by our clients.
Madalin Stunt Cars 2 - Madalin Stunt Cars is among the best-recognized stunt driving sequence obtainable. This second model has improved graphics and mode open-world areas to discover.
You can click on on the following hyperlink to check the sorting choices - Upcoming Cars. My name is Fast Freddy and I even have selected one of the best free to play automotive games, racing video games and different online games for you. Besides automotive games, we provide plenty of automobile-related classes corresponding to parking, truck and bike video games. Making Sense of Used-Car Warranties Used vehicles are inclined to have fewer warranty options than their model-new counterparts, however the insurance policies can be simply as daunting to know. We checked several used-automobile policies and consulted with a number of consultants.
The part of a balloon or airship that carries individuals or cargo. Drive a brilliant high velocity racing car outfitted with probably the most advanced weapons. Take a dangerous route destroying the enemies to finish first. The recreation Moto Geeks welcomes you to the world of breathtaking bike racings and formidable opponents.
Prepay on your car rental and get unique rates or guide upfront with no credit card needed. You merely pay on the counter and enjoy the choice of free cancellation.
Q. Tell me which automotive is being launched for lower than eleven lakhs, which is acceptable for me, we're waiting to purchase? There are ample of cars that are going to be launched under 11 lakhs.
In British English, a carriage is one of the separate sections of a prepare that carries passengers. Carriage is considered one of several nouns that are used to refer to vehicles pulled by railway engines. the a part of a conveyance, as an elevator or balloon, that carries the passengers, freight, and so on. Cars.com News What you should be told from now until you buy, all in one placeOver one million evaluations Choose a salesperson you want, meet a car you'll love. Burnout Drift 3 - Seaport Max - Have you ever wished to race by way of an enormous seaport and try out some hair-raising drifts?
Even should you can pay with a debit card, some automobile rental areas require a credit card for the deposit. If you don't own a bank card, you may not be permitted to rent a car.
This automotive imagery has spawned lots of other associated expressions. For example, by no less than the 1990s, a prisoner who purchased medication for the others in the group was known as driving the automobile. Someone who used the medicine without paying for them was referred to as hitchhiking. To most of us on the surface, a car is a car with a motor and 4 wheels. But in prison slang, your automotive is your crew, particularly when it comes to drugs, safety, and money-making.
A licensed pre-owned or CPO automotive has been inspected to meet minimal quality requirements and sometimes contains some sort of guarantee. While sellers and third parties certify vehicles, the gold commonplace is an automaker-certified car that gives a manufacturing unit-backed warranty, often extending the original protection.
In the meantime we'll do our best to ship the absolute best gaming expertise by additional improving our website. In some circumstances resellers rent additional arms to disembark the cars, thus allowing them enhance their contacts with importers. Furthermore, folks creatively look for sources to cost their phone batteries, for example through photo voltaic panels or automotive batteries.
It looks such as you've landed on our website built for patrons in . For the most effective expertise, visit our CarRentals.com web site for English talking prospects.
Car games are video games that permit the player take place behind the steering wheel of a motor vehicle. Most of them are 3D, but many 2D automotive video games additionally exist. The gameplay sometimes includes racing in opposition to different players or towards the pc, on either a racing circuit or an off-road racing track. CrazyGames is a browser recreation platform that options the most effective free online games. All of our video games run within the browser and may be performed instantly without downloads or installs.
Dictionary apps Browse our dictionary apps right now and ensure you might be by no means once more lost for words. Get our free widgets Add the power of Cambridge Dictionary to your web site using our free search field widgets.
Bumper-to-bumper warranties sometimes expire faster than powertrain warranties. Terms are typically three years or 36,000 miles, although some have phrases as high as six years or 60,000 miles. Check the car manufacturer’s specifications for bumper-to-bumper guarantee limits. Before financing with a supplier, financial institution or credit score union, examine the nationwide average rates of interest for used cars at Bankrate.com. Most sellers don't offer leasing on used cars, however used automobiles that have been leased when new and are actually on the market present some benefits, such nearly as good situation and low miles.
This genre has produced some of the most memorable titles out there such as the Madalin Stunt Cars collection. The most popular recreation titles are Bullet Force, Madalin Stunt Cars 2, Krunker, Shell Shockers, Moto X3M, UNO, Minecraft Classic, Surviv.io, Doge Miner 2. Everyone has their own favorite games although, so start exploring and uncover your favorites.
If you want to know more, our customer support is all the time there to help. Whether you wish to cruise in an financial system automobile, SUV, luxury automobile, or minivan, there’s nothing preserving you from finding the perfect automobile for your travel needs. With no reserving or credit card fees, you’ll save on leases with us.
Just put in your pickup and drop-off dates and areas to search out the most affordable worth on a automotive rental for your journey. Choose from all kinds of transportation choices, rental sites, and drop-off locations, together with off-airport and airport locations. Decide whether or not you want to rent spherical-trip or one-way. You'll be supplied low-cost costs to save big dollars with internationally famend rental corporations like Alamo Rent A Car, Enterprise, Sixt, Budget, Hertz, Avis, and Thrifty.
This is precisely what you can do in Burnout Drift 3. Drive through a spread of various programs and try to enhance your rating by drifting round corners. This is one other glorious title from the thrilling Burnout Drift sequence.
Calling a bunch of people you’re affiliated with a automotive is generally related to jail life and culture. By 2015, prisoners referred to members of their group as a automobile. Your car is often based in your race, geography, or affiliated gang (e.g. a black car or an Aryan Nation car). Cars can even exert their energy to domineer over different prisoners.
You can estimate your payments here using Cars.com’s finance calculators. automobile park (American car parking zone) a chunk of land or a constructing the place automobiles may be parked. In American English, this automobile is known as a freight car or a flatcar.
Engine roar, wind noise in the ears, and hundreds of miles of the street up front – that’s all that a real biker wants. This fabulous 3D sport will put you to a test of speed and ability on a wide range of terrains and roads. Just seek for the car you need and filter for the services below.
Play online with actual gamers from all over the world, win, and earn forex you possibly can spend on new automobiles, upgrades, garages, and a home. Play certainly one of our most performed games on the home web page or dive into your favorite category within the menu.
Q. What different competitive cars are there against Cr-v? The CR-V goes up towards the Toyota Fortuner, Ford Endeavour, Mitsubishi Outlander, Skoda Kodiaq, Hyundai Tucson, and Volkswagen Tiguan. Q. Sir, the dimensions of the storage is 15 toes lengthy, 7.8 toes wide, what dimension car do I need? You may apply more filters here in order to refine your search as deciding on one will depend on brand choice, specific feature requirements, and so on.
(American ˌautomoˈbile) a (normally privately-owned) motorcar on wheels for carrying individuals. Sim Taxi - Sim Taxi presents a unique spin on this genre.
Luxury leases will require a higher deposit than minivans or economy car rentals. Be certain to have a bank card obtainable when you assume you’ll must cover a deposit.
In most nations, you must be between 25 and sixty five years old to hire vehicles. You may be capable of get low-cost automotive leases or reductions should you’re exterior of this age vary, but you may have to pay a further payment or buy extra insurance. As a U.S. citizen, you can purchase insurance with CarRentals.com at checkout because it’s not included within the base rental car fee. When reserving a automotive rental in some international places, corresponding to Mexico, you have to purchase further native insurance coverage. Yes, some rental companies accept debit cards for reservations, although they might ask for additional identification and proof of insurance if you book.
In this title, gamers can drive completely different cars through a huge airport including the runway space and aircraft sheds. Plane stairs may even be used as ramps to leap off of!
You can play on CrazyGames on any gadget, together with laptops, smartphones, and tablets. This means that whether or not you might be at residence, in school, or at work, it is easy and fast to start playing!
Add automobile to considered one of your lists beneath, or create a new one. Using the dealership’s lender is handy, but it's greatest to shop around at banks and credit score unions forward of time so you will know whose fee is best when you're at a dealership. This analysis might take a few days however could be nicely definitely worth the time. The Price Comparison Tool helps you discover essentially the most worth for your money.
You also can join our publication with your e-mail address to save lots of even more. Look for coupon codes on-line and choose up the day by day discounts on journey. Many car rental corporations do ask for a deposit, and deposit amounts will differ by company and car class.
Jump right into a whopping 34 different stunt cars - all of which have wonderful element and handle completely. CrazyGames was based in 2013 and has been offering free online game since then. Our aim is to offer the very best gaming expertise within the browser. The website is owned and operated by Maxflow BV, a Belgium-based company. You can attain out, examine our open job positions, or check out our sport developer platform.
For more information about CrazyGames, you'll be able to go to our corporate web site. Point your wheels west to achieve the City by the Bay. Drive the enduring Golden Gate Bridge and go to Alcatraz.
Hyundai Creta, Honda City and Tata Harrier are a number of the in style diesel automobiles obtainable in India. The best cars available in India are Kia Seltos, Honda City, Tata Altroz and Renault Triber and lots of extra. Go for a Volkswagen Polo Comfortline TSI. Excellent build high quality and security. A nice infotainment system (not a touchscreen tho).
Automobil
pi?ces